Behrouz Ghezel

Return of Turkmenistan: Result of “Geopolitical Inevitability”

The relations between Iran and Turkmenistan in recent times have experienced periodic ups and downs. The opening of the Kazakhstan- Turkmenistan- Iran railway (920 km) in 2014 as the North-South Rail Corridor along the eastern side of the Caspian Sea, which almost 700 kilometers of ...

Hamidreza Azizi

ECO and Economic Multilateralism Triangle in Eurasia

  Islamabad, Pakistan’s capital, hosted the 13th Summit of the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) on March 1, 2017. At the meeting in which the rotating presidency was given from Azerbaijan to Pakistan, Hassan Rouhani, Iran’s President, also attended, and made a speech. In his ...

Behrouz Ghezel

Turkmenistan Presidential Election: Could We Expect Change?

  The presidential election of Turkmenistan on February 12, 2017 is interesting for some reasons. This is the first time three different parties have introduced their candidates for the presidential election in Turkmenistan. This round of election has witnessed so far the presence of the largest ...

Behrouz Ghezel

Tribal Social System and Political Stability in Turkmenistan

  Tribal social structure in the Turkmen community has unique and interesting features. Throughout history, the Turkmen tribes and even clans have always been recognized from each other by distinct identities; at the same time, at times they have been united against a foreign enemy, and have shown ...

Behrouz Ghezel

The TAPI Pipeline: Expectations and Realities

  The total length of the TAPI gas pipeline will be 1814 kilometers scheduled to start from Galkynysh gas field in Turkmenistan, and pass through Afghanistan and Pakistan to reach Fazilka district in India. This pipeline, in addition to its economic advantages, has been important, and received ...

Behrouz Ghezel

New Sufism and the Unexpected Effect of Fundamentalism in Central Asia

In “Sufism” literature and in historical studies related to different periods of the communities’ tendency toward mysticism, Sufism and Sufi order (though specialists in this field distinguish between these terms), the important characteristic is the concurrent governing spirit of ...